Abraham's 318 Men "Born In His Household"

During the war of the five kings against the fourand Haran was over-run, the troops all killed along
kings, Abraham's nephew Lot and his family werewith Terah and Susanna, Abraham's first wife. Sarah
taken captive, and when Abraham heard it, he tookwas technically a secondary wife who was sterilized
318 men "born in his household" and pursued them.so that she would bear no children to claim the
Who were these 318 men, and what was theirinheritance, as that was the primary wife's duty.
significance?When Susanna and her children were slaughtered,
To understand these questions, first we have toAbraham married Sarah, which made her his primary
know who Abraham really was. His father, Terah,wife and so the effort for her to bear children
had been the general of the army in Babylon and hadbegan, but that's another story for another time.
won many victories for the king of that city, thoughtMarduk and his army eventually prevailed, the leader
to be Nimrod. When war with Marduk broke out onof the lesser gods surrendered, and Abraham and his
his north-west border, Nimrod sent Terah to lead themen were decommissioned to become private
fighting and Terah appointed Abraham as a cavalrycitizens. They decided to stay in the area where they
leader. Horses were of little use in that territory, sowere, as the citizens appreciated their efforts at
Abraham and his men were provided with fast youngkeeping the area safe from robbers and thieves, so
female camels called dromedaries. Abraham rosethey retained their general profile and organization
rapidly in respect as he won many skirmishes and hiswithout the official backing they originally had. This
troops were gradually increased until he had a fullpermitted Abraham and his camp, now numbering
division for that day.well over 1,000 persons, to migrate to Egypt during
This division of soldiers consisted of 12 units of 25the famine (yet another story for another time).
men, each with a captain, then each four captainsWhen war broke out between the kings and Lot
had a commander for a total of 4 commanders whowas taken captive, the people of the land appealed
answered to the general, who was Eleazer, theto Abraham, who took his trained troops in pursuit of
trusted servant who later brought Rebecca to Isaacthe invaders and sent them running for their lives in
that Nimrod had given to Abraham when he firstthe middle of the night, drunk and disorganized.
commissioned Abraham. This Eleazer was a seasonedThe modern interpretation of this information is that
battle veteran whose experience balanced Abraham'sthese 12 fighting groups are the basis of the 12
lack of experience in the field, while Abraham had atribes, and that Jacob's sons eventually inherited the
lot of experience in diplomacy.captaincy, each of one of the groups. This would
So there were 300 fighting men, 12 captains, 4explain why Levi and Simeon were able to overcome
commanders, and one general, which brings the totalShechem so easily. They were not alone. They took
to 317. Then there was a Chief of Staff undertheir troops with them for a total of 54 trained,
Eleazer to assist him in his duties, bringing the total towell-armed warriors.
318 men who ultimately reported to Abraham.There were other battles mentioned in common
Abraham was assigned to Terah when he wasliterature. One of them speaks of an incident in which
stationed in Haran, and his troops were assigned toLevi's shield was split into two parts by an enemy
the interior portion of the land near what iswarrior and his left hand, the one holding the shield,
Damascus today to patrol and control it. Otherwas nearly severed from his arm.
troops were assigned to the border area. TheThe land eventually became so lawless that the
fighting went on for many years, long enough forgroup built a stone fortress when Abraham was an
children to be born to the wives of the troops underold man, and moved their wives and children into it
Abraham, so that these men were brought up andfor safety. This was the fortress in which Jacob was
trained to succeed their fathers as soldiers, so theyliving when Esau's sons provoked him into fighting
were technically "born into Abraham's household"against Jacob, but that will have to wait for the next
since Abraham was responsible for their welfare.story telling session.
The fighting at the border didn't go so well, though,